אימונים Heart-rate monitoring in soccer: interest and limits during competitive match-play an

[Mike Bikov]

J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Nov 29. [Epub ahead of print]
Heart-rate monitoring in soccer: interest and limits during competitive match-play and training - Practical application.
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Source

1Olympique Lyonnais FC (Soccer), Lyon, France; 2 Santy Orthopedicae clinical, sport science and research department Lyon, France; 3 Tunisian Research Laboratory ''Sport Performance Optimisation'' - National Centre of Medicine and Science in Sport (CNMSS) - El Menzah, Tunisia; 4Federal university of Viçosa, Department of Physical Education, Brazil; 5Southern Steel Netball & New Zealand Academy of Sport (South Island), New Zealand; 6Department of Health and Physical Education, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Hong Kong; 7Federal university of Juiz de Fora, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Brazil; 8School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy of the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Abstract

The identification of physiological loads imposed by soccer training or match-play reveals essential information, which may help improve training and recovery strategies. Until today, the use of heart rate (HR) monitoring is not standardized in soccer. Thus, the aim of this review was to analyse, determine and compare the exercise intensity (EI) monitored by HR in professional, youth and recreational soccer players during matches and training sessions using a meta-analysis. HR is one of the most common physiological variables used to determine exercise internal training load. The mean EI recorded during competitive matches was described as 70-80% of VO2max or 80-90% of maximal HR (HRmax), independent of the playing level. With respect to HR training zones, approximately 65% of the total match duration is spent at intensity of 70-90% HRmax and rarely below 65% HRmax. However, although HRmax is mostly employed in the literature, monitoring EI should be expressed in relation to reserve HR (HRres), as it was described as a more reliable indicator of HR allowing inter-individual comparisons. The HR response according to the playing position indicates that midfielders are characterized by the highest EI, followed by forwards and full-backs. Moreover, in the second half of the match, the EI is lower than that observed during the first half; this reduction could be correlated with the level of the player's physical conditioning. Consequently, coaches may favor the use of interval-training or small-sided training games as these are shown to improve both aerobic capacity and the ability to repeat high-intensity actions. SSG allows reaching similar HR responses to those found during interval training and match-play but with greater heterogeneity values. Future investigations should include a larger sample of players with special reference to playing position and the expression of EI in %HRres, analyzing possible inter-gender differences in HR response.

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