אימונים Neuromuscular performance of explosive power athletes vs. untrained individuals.

[Mike Bikov]

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009 Nov 27. [Epub ahead of print]
Neuromuscular performance of explosive power athletes vs. untrained individuals.

Tillin NA, Jimenez-Reyes P, Pain MT, Folland JP.

1School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK; 2Faculty of Sport, Pablo de Olavide University, Sevilla, España.

PURPOSE:: Electromechanical delay (EMD) and rate of force development (RFD) are determinants of explosive neuromuscular performance. We may expect a contrast in EMD and RFD between explosive power athletes, who have a demonstrable ability for explosive contractions, and untrained individuals. However, this comparison, and the neuromuscular mechanisms for any differences, has not been studied. METHODS:: The neuromuscular performance of explosive power athletes (n = 9) and untrained controls (n = 10) was assessed during a series of twitch, tetanic, explosive and maximum voluntary, isometric knee extensions. Knee extension force and EMG of the superficial quadriceps was measured in three 50 ms time windows from their onset, and normalised to strength and maximal M-wave (Mmax), respectively. Involuntary and voluntary EMD were determined from twitch and explosive voluntary contractions, respectively, and were similar for both groups. RESULTS:: The athletes were 28% stronger and their absolute RFD in the first 50 ms was 2-fold that of controls. Athletes had greater normalised RFD (4.86 +/- 1.46 vs. 2.81 +/- 1.20 MVC.s) and neural activation (mean quadriceps, 0.26 +/- 0.07 vs. 0.15 +/- 0.06 Mmax) during the first 50 ms of explosive voluntary contractions. Surprisingly the controls had a greater normalised RFD in the second 50 ms (6.68 +/- 0.92 vs. 7.93 +/- 1.11 MVC.s) and a greater change in EMG preceding this period. However, there were no differences in the twitch response or normalised tetanic RFD between groups. CONCLUSION:: The differences in voluntary normalised RFD between athletes and controls were explained by agonist muscle neural activation, and not the similar intrinsic contractile properties of the groups.​

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