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Purpose of review
Muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown are simultaneous
ongoing processes. Here, we examine evidence for how protein quality can affect
exercise-induced muscle protein anabolism or protein balance (MPS minus muscle
protein breakdown). Evidence is highlighted showing differences in the responses of
MPS, and muscle protein accretion, with ingestion of milk-based and soy-based
proteins in young and elderly persons.
Recent findings
Protein consumption, and the accompanying hyperaminoacidemia, stimulates an
increase in MPS and a small suppression of muscle protein breakdown. Beyond the
feeding-induced rise in MPS, small incremental addition of new muscle protein mass
occurs following intense resistance exercise which over time (i.e. resistance training)
leads to muscle hypertrophy. Athletes make use of the paradigm of resistance training
and eating to maximize the gains in their skeletal muscle mass. Importantly, however,
metabolically active skeletal muscle can offset the morbidities associated with the
sarcopenia of aging such as type II diabetes, decline in aerobic fitness and the
reduction in metabolic rate that can lead to fat mass accumulation.
Summary
Recent evidence suggests that consumption of different proteins can affect the
amplitude and possibly duration of MPS increases after feeding and this effect interacts
and is possibly accentuated with resistance exercise.
Muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and muscle protein breakdown are simultaneous
ongoing processes. Here, we examine evidence for how protein quality can affect
exercise-induced muscle protein anabolism or protein balance (MPS minus muscle
protein breakdown). Evidence is highlighted showing differences in the responses of
MPS, and muscle protein accretion, with ingestion of milk-based and soy-based
proteins in young and elderly persons.
Recent findings
Protein consumption, and the accompanying hyperaminoacidemia, stimulates an
increase in MPS and a small suppression of muscle protein breakdown. Beyond the
feeding-induced rise in MPS, small incremental addition of new muscle protein mass
occurs following intense resistance exercise which over time (i.e. resistance training)
leads to muscle hypertrophy. Athletes make use of the paradigm of resistance training
and eating to maximize the gains in their skeletal muscle mass. Importantly, however,
metabolically active skeletal muscle can offset the morbidities associated with the
sarcopenia of aging such as type II diabetes, decline in aerobic fitness and the
reduction in metabolic rate that can lead to fat mass accumulation.
Summary
Recent evidence suggests that consumption of different proteins can affect the
amplitude and possibly duration of MPS increases after feeding and this effect interacts
and is possibly accentuated with resistance exercise.
